On August 11, 1973, the first program of the Central Television hosted the premiere of the film “17 Moments of Spring”. One of the most popular Soviet films turned 44 years old. I could not be a witness to this premiere, due to the fact that I was simply not born yet, but they say that at the time of the broadcast the streets died out and even the police reports fixed a sharp decrease in crime during the film
By the beautiful date of the legendary film, I prepared you 17 interesting facts about him - in fact for every moment. So, let's begin.
1. Even before Lioznova decided to make the film “17 Moments of Spring,” Julian Semyonov sold the script to Lenfilm. But Tatyana Mikhailovna was so convincing in the desire to make this film adaptation that Semenov returned the money to Lenfilm, took the script and gave it to the studio to them. Gorky for staging Lioznova. When Lioznova read the script that Julian Semenovich returned from Leningrad, she was shocked. The book had a lot of things that appealed to her, but in the script everything was completely different - on each page there were five corpses. In general, Semenov unsubscribed and calmly went to Bulgaria to hunt boars, so Lioznova had no choice but to sit down at work - writing both literary and directorial scripts. “A catastrophe!” Recalls Tatyana Mikhailovna. “I worked 12 hours a day, I don’t remember if I slept. But I don’t say that I didn’t get pleasure, because my hands were untied, and besides, I didn’t go against the book material, but, on the contrary, defended him "
2. In the film Lioznova there are no random actors - during the casting, she immediately decided that she would work only with well-known and reputed actors. But the most difficult was the search for an actor for the main role - the image of Stirlitz was searched for in Innocent Smoktunovsky, Oleg Strizhenov, Yuri Solomin and even Archil Gomiashvili. The main criterion for why it was Vyacheslav Tikhonov, it became his unemployment in other projects at the time of filming. Although he first Lioznova wanted to refuse. This was due to make-up artists - the made-up Vyacheslav Tikhonov appeared before the director, with his mustache glued on, like that of Budyonny
3. One of the most vivid and memorable scenes of the film "Seventeen Moments of Spring" is of course the meeting of Stirlitz with his wife in the cafe "Elefant". Interestingly, this scene was not originally in the book or in the script. The fact that the scene will be filmed, it was decided when the work on the film was in full swing. The author of the idea was Vyacheslav Tikhonov. A touching story about how the scouts are forced to meet with their wives - secretly, seeing the eyes from afar, - an acquaintance told him, under one of the versions - the legendary Soviet spy illegal Illegal Konon Trofimovich Young. When they decided to shoot this episode, it was planned that together with his wife, Isaev’s son, whom he had never seen, would be in the cafe. There was even a whole story invented - the boy will have a chain of trinkets in his hands, which he will turn and then leave on a platter. And when the meeting is over, Stirlitz, having improved the moment, will take this key chain in memory of his son. However, Lioznova saw one idea in this idea: if there is a child in the frame, the viewer will not “notice” the woman. To focus on love between a man and a woman, on feelings that overcome war and distance - this was Lioznova’s idea (For more details on the filming of this scene, read the post How they shot the scene in the cafe "Elefant"
4. The Leningrad singer Maria Pakhomenko and Svetlana Svetlichnaya were tried for the role of Stirlitz’s wife and later approved for the role of Gabi, who is in love with the main character. Well, the wife of the Soviet intelligence officer was destined to become the actress of the Vakhtangov Theater Eleonora Shashkova, who was brought to the site the day before the shooting
5. There were also several candidates for the role of Muller, for example, Vsevolod Sanaev. But he categorically refused the role, saying: “I am the secretary of the Mosfilm party organization, so I won’t play a fascist!” Leonid Bronev in the film "17 Moments of Spring" was tried on the role of Hitler. However, Leonid Sergeevich’s wife resisted, and he himself had no desire to play this character. Lioznov, too, these tests are not convinced. And then the role of Muller was suggested (for more details, see Leonid Bronevoy’s post on the set of the film “17 Moments of Spring”
6. Tried on Hitler and Leonid Kuravlev. The actor had pretty successful photo tests and he was already rehearsing the role. But in the end, Kuravlev refused to play the Fuhrer: “I didn’t master this antichrist. My nature leaped and was against it,” he said.
Then Lioznova decided to entrust him with the role of SS Kurt Eisman, chief of Sturmbannführer SS, closing the eye patch with one eye - for “courage”, as Lioznova explained. After all, it was the closed eye that gave the image of Iceman a story: if the eye does not, it means that he is lost in battle, and if he fought, it means that the hero already has a combat character. “You only have one eye. You have to play, burning your partner to them,” Lioznova repeated.
7. I tried to abandon the role of Bormann and Yuri Vizbor, but then changed my mind. In order to create the dark face of the fascist Bonze, the actor was put tampons in his nose, and his uniform was laid with foam rubber to give it an impressive amount. Since the voice of Vizbor was soft and gentle, in the film he had to voice another actor - Solovyov from the Theater of actor
8. Many people notice that Tikhonov very successfully managed to transfer Stierlitz's thoughts to the screen when their dubbing went offscreen. To Yulian Semenov’s question, “Thank you, how you manage to think so well - I see what you think on the screen,” Vyacheslav Tikhonov replied: “Everything is very simple - I scroll through the whole multiplication table in my head”
9. Well, since we are talking about a voice-over text, it is impossible not to recall the brilliant Yefim Kopelyan. He was also supposed to be in the film. However, it so happened that he did not find a place in the acting team, and Lioznova invited him to become “voice-over”. The director recalls: “I called him in Leningrad and asked him to convey that I was kneeling to ask him to agree. Working with him was sheer pleasure. He came and, although he was just from the train, always had time to shave and change into a white shirt, he never changed himself. We became associates. His voice sounds like he knows more than he speaks. ”
10. The scene of the meeting at Schellenberg is very interesting in the film, when the head of the SD angrily reprimands subordinates. If you remember, it is mute, under the voice-over text. But during the filming, which took place far after midnight, the text was necessary to pronounce. Oleg Tabakov, in a tone of a disgruntled boss, opens the meeting with the words: “Comrades, this is a disgrace! We are sitting here until two or three at night, it's time to put an end to this! ” This text was pronounced with the camera turned on and taken aback by Lioznova. Statists took Tabakov's words seriously. After the command of the director "Stop" burst into unrestrained laughter.
11. Very interesting geography of filming. For example, the scene where Pastor Schlag crosses the Swiss border was actually filmed in Georgia. Gestapo dungeons found in Butyrskaya prison. The Zoological Museum, where Stirlitz was waiting for Bormann, was filmed in Leningrad. A few hours before the failure, Professor Pleischner starts walking in Meissen in Germany, then looks at the cubs at the Tbilisi Zoo, comes to Bluemenstrasse and is thrown out of the window in Riga
12. And it is also interesting how carefully they treated the clothes of the main characters. Only Tikhonov’s wardrobe consisted of 100 white shirts, 11 suits, civilian jackets, a field jacket, parade uniform, a tail coat
13. It is interesting that in the frame, where Stirlitz's hands were shown (when he draws Reich's bosses and spreads out figures of animals from matches), they took off the hands of ... the artist of the film Felix Rostotsky. Why? The fact is that Tikhonov had a tattoo on his right hand, made back in his youth - “Glory”. And no matter how hard the make-up artists tried to cover it up, on close-ups, it still came through. In order not to risk, they decided to shoot the hands of another person. He, Rostotsky, wrote encryption for Pleischner-Evstigneev. But there was another reason: the actor's handwriting was too bad to show him close up.
14. Initially, in the television movie, instead of babies, they were going to shoot dolls, but they refused this idea, since their static nature is too noticeable. Therefore, the children in the frame are real. That's just the role of the child radio operator Kate played not one baby, but six. Why? Yes, the reasons are simple - kids couldn’t stand the full shooting day. They could be removed no more than two hours a day at intervals of not less than fifteen minutes for swaddling and feeding. And besides, the film was filmed for a very long time, and the kids grow very fast
15. The director of the film was Yefim Lebedinsky, who invited his acquaintances to the role of extras - the same SS men guarding the headquarters of the RSHA, and, after all, weaving out some Jews. A consultant from the KGB, who once came to the shooting and saw these extras, suddenly became indignant: they say, how is that - Jews are being shot in the role of SS men ?!
- What are you, an anti-Semite? - surprised Lioznova.
- No, but you yourself know what our relations with Israel are. So it will turn out that in our film we will show that the Jews were destroyed by the same Jews, only in Gestapo form. Lioznova understood the hint. She called Lebedinsky and ordered to change the extras.
- How to change?! I already paid them! - the director was indignant.
- Nothing, compensate from your pocket! - cut off Lioznova.
The director had to obey. On the same day, with the help of the same KGB consultant, he called the Higher Border School and asked to send a dozen tall cadets to the shooting, preferably Baltics. It is them that we now see on the screen.
16. Music for the film, as you know, was written by Michael Tariverdiev. However, few people know that he initially refused to work on the film. Prior to that, he had already written music for Benjamin Dorman's spy movie "Resident's Error", and this work did not satisfy him. Therefore, in 1967, he refused another offer to work in the movie about scouts - to write music for Savva Kulish’s film “Dead Season” (which he later regretted). The same fate could have comprehended "Seventeen Moments of Spring." When Tariverdiev found out that the film is from the same series as the previous two, he expressed his firm “no” to the director. But the script still took, read it and immediately changed his mind. He suddenly realized that the film, although it will tell about the scouts, but very differently than it was before in other films. In the process of working on music, Tariverdiev wrote ten songs, but only two of them were included in the film: “Somewhere far away ...” and “Moments” with lyrics by Robert Rozhdestvensky. Eight others had to be thrown out, since they had nowhere to insert. After the success of the music of Mikael Tariverdiev, an international telegram appears in the Union of Composers “Congratulations on the success of your music in your film. Francis Le ”, after which Tariverdiev is accused of plagiarism, his songs are forced out of the air. Later, Francis Le will report that he made no complaints, the telegram was fake
17. To record songs for the film, they first invited singer Vadim Mulerman. However, his candidacy was slaughtered by high television bosses. Then Lioznova probably invited the most popular singer of those years - Muslim Magomayev, who recorded all the songs for the film. Lioznova listened to them ... and rejected. She asked Magomayev to sing the songs in a different way, but the singer refused. He said that he never adapts to anyone. After that Valery Obodzinsky, Valentina Tolkunova and many other singers were invited to the tests. Joseph Kobzon was the sixteenth. The director demanded from him that the singer sang as if "in the film, and close there is no Kobzon." The singer was upset, but still did what he was asked to do. Here are just in the credits of his name did not fall, as they were made before approved by the artist
A detailed story about the shooting of the film, read the post How to shoot "Seventeen Moments of Spring"
Sources ... ] Sources
According to the materials of the documentary film by Leonid Parfyonov "The Newest History. Seventeen Moments of Spring 25 Years Later," by F. Razzakov's book "Our Favorite Movie. Intrigue by Frame." Algorithm. 2004, F. Razzakov's articles "And you, Stirlitz ...", Vladimir Gromov "For filming" seventeen moments of spring "Stirlitz was sewed 12 suits and 100 shirts," Valentina Oberemko "How did Stirlitz's wife"
The article is based on materials .
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